When illness or injury damages your cells, LDH may be released into the bloodstream, causing the level of LDH in your blood to rise. High levels of LDH in the blood point to acute or chronic cell damage, but additional tests are necessary to discover its cause.
There are five different forms of LDH that are called isoenzymes. They are distinguished by slight differences in their structure. Different LDH isoenzymes are found in different body tissues. The areas of highest concentration for each type of isoenzyme are:. Elevated levels of LDH can include:. Doctors normally measure LDH levels in the blood. In adults, a technician usually draws blood from a vein at the inner elbow or the back of the hand.
The technician will clean the test area with an antiseptic and wrap an elastic band around the upper arm to make the vein swell.
Then, they will gently insert a needle, through which blood flows into an attached tube. When the tube is full, the technician removes the elastic band and then the needle.
A bandage protects the puncture site. In infants, a sharp tool called a lancet may be necessary to take a blood sample. The blood collects in a small tube. The technician may place a bandage over the cut. Normally, there is some pain when the lancet pierces the skin, and some throbbing afterward.
Certain medications and drugs may interfere with an accurate LDH test. One approach is modeling in silico. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Arany, Z. Cell Metab. Balinsky, D. Enzyme activities in normal, dysplastic, and cancerous human breast tissues. Cancer Inst. Barnett, J. A history of research on yeasts 9: regulation of sugar metabolism.
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After the procedure, the elastic band is removed. Once the blood has been collected, the needle is removed and the area is covered with cotton or a bandage to stop the bleeding. Collecting the blood for the test will only take a few minutes. Either method heel or vein withdrawal of collecting a sample of blood is only temporarily uncomfortable and can feel like a quick pinprick.
Afterward, there may be some mild bruising, which should go away in a day or so. The blood sample will be processed by a machine. The results are commonly available within a day or two.
The LDH test is considered a safe procedure. However, as with many medical tests, some problems can occur with having blood drawn, like:.
Having a blood test with a needle carries some risks. These include bleeding, infection, bruising, and feeling lightheaded. When the needle pricks your arm or hand, you may feel a slight sting or pain. Afterward, the site may be sore. If the blood sample is contaminated by broken red blood cells, a condition called hemolysis, your LDH will be elevated. Anesthetics, aspirin, narcotics, and certain other medicines can elevate your LDH. Medicines that contain ascorbic acid vitamin C can decrease your LDH levels.
Alcohol also can affect your LDH levels. You don't need to prepare for this test. Be sure your healthcare provider knows about all medicines, herbs, vitamins, and supplements you are taking.
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