Instances of officials or athletes being struck by a javelin are rare, but have happened at smaller events. In , a German official died after being hit by a javelin when he went towards it to measure the distance even before it had landed. This is because in , the centre of gravity of the javelin was moved forward by 4 cm to reduce the risk of plus throws landing on the track at the other end of the field and putting runners at risk, as track and field events are often held simultaneously at a stadium.
Modifications also helped the javelin land more vertically, rather than sliding at the point of impact, thus making it easier for officials to measure an accurate distance. Click here to join our channel ieexplained and stay updated with the latest.
Soon after his plus-m throw, Hohn, who is currently the javelin coach of the Indian team, could not participate in the Los Angeles Summer Olympics because East Germany decided to boycott the Games. Today, taking into account strides that have been made in training techniques, Hohn believes he would be a plus-m thrower.
If I look at javelin throwers who throw 90 metres plus now and what strengths they have and their throwing power, I guess I would also throw pretty far. I could probably only use 90 per cent of power. So that is a little bit different. The body-mass point in the new javelin shifted four centimetres forward, so it gives the javelin a more stable flight. In addition to the core and upper body strength necessary to deliver the implement, javelin throwers benefit from the agility and athleticism typically associated with running and jumping events.
Thus, the athletes share more physical characteristics with sprinters than with other, heavier throwing athletes. Various minor modifications in the event were made over the years, but the most radical change in the wake of Uwe Hohn's throw of Because the risk to spectators from throws of this magnitude became very real, the IAAF made a decision in to move the center of gravity back 10 centimeters.
This new javelin resulted in throws 10 to 15 meters shorter and made the javelin more prone to stick in the ground. The record with the new javelin has moved from Twenty-five javelin throwers have achieved a world record, 21 with the old javelin 34 times , and 4 with the new javelin 8 times.
More detailed info is given in the article on javelin biomechanics. Sounds complicated, it is too. In addition to the prescribed dimensions of the javelin the center of gravity is particularly crucial. Redrafted in , after repeated discussions and problems with the measurement of the throwing distance, as the old spears did not sink sufficiently and did not leave a clear impression.
Because of the achievement of throwing distances beyond the meters border, the center of gravity of the javelins shifts for grams from mm to mm from the tip. Judges check the measurements before the start of every competition.
The throwing area is a circular sector with an opening angle of A four meter long, arcuate throwing line, which is 7 cm wide, limits the approach. The thrower may not touch or exceed this throw-off line. Throwers may exit the 4-meter-wide approach when the tip hit the sector, otherwise the throw is invalid. The tip must touch the ground in front of all other parts of the javelin, otherwise a likewise throw is invalid.
In the competition, three throws are first completed in the pre-competition order of the athletes. The top eight athletes after the third attempt have three more attempts and then determine the place 1 to 8. Not to forget the heptathlon and the decathlon. Also in these disciplines the javelin throw is part of the program. The only difference to the javelin throw is the number of attempts, which in the multi events limits to three attempts. All detailed and updated rules can be found at the IAAF website.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the javelin throw was determined by Scandinavians. Eric Lemming set the first official record at Its In the fifties, the technological development of the spears especially made for long-distance jumps. For example, the aluminum hollow spear of the American Franklin Held, who was the first to throw over 80 m in , led to rule changes. And again it was a Scandinavian who cracked the meter mark with Born in , 1. But only in the German Klaus Wolfermann threw 94,08m.
In the 80s, the Hungarians Miklos Nemeth and Ferenc Paragi were able to further develop the world record to the sound barrier m. Athletes will commonly throw three or six times per competition. In the event of a tie, the winner will be the athlete with the next-best effort. At major championships the format is typically a qualification session followed by a final. Throwing the javelin as sport evolved from the everyday use of the spear in hunting and warfare.
It has been part of the modern Olympic Games programme since for men and for women. In the men's javelin was redesigned; its centre of gravity was moved forward by four centimetres.
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